Machinery and method for making receptacles



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UNM

AYES

EDWARD CRAIG, OF ST. JOSEPH, MICHIGAN.

MACHINERY AND METHOD FOR MAKING RECEPTAGLES.

Application filed July 15, 1921. Serial No. 485,128.-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD CRAIG, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of St. Joseph, county of Berrien, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Machinery and Methods for Making Receptacles, of which the following is a specification.

This'invention relates to machines for making receptacles, and particularly to those for making ice cream pails, or similar paper receptacles, by printing the paper and cutting the blanks from which the pails are thereafter made. In the machinery to which the invention relates more particularly, the printing and blanking and handling are done automatically, so to speak, the paper being fed from a roll to the printing machine, from the latte-r to the blanking press, and from the latter to the machine which forms the blank into the pail and inserts the wire handle in the sides thereof. Preferably, in machinery of this kind, the paper asit comes from the roll is first passed through the printing machine to supply the decoration or lettering or other marks desired for the outer surface. of the pail or other receptacle, and then through the blanking press which cuts and scores the paper to form the series of blanks, the formation of each blank being accompanied by the cutting off of a previously formed blank, so that the latter is then ready the forming machine which folds the blank and inserts the wire handle in the sides of the pail. WVith this method it is possible to so form the blanks that the rectangular outline of the bottom of each pail is parallel with the side edges of the forwardly traveling strip or sheet of paper from which the blanks are cut. Because of the shape of the blanks, this method would require a strip or sheet of paper of certain width, and in addition would cause some waste of materials, portions of the paper being cut away to form the blanks. In accordance with the invention, as hereinafter more fully exfor . ner while still connected together, and before being cut apart, and this involves the cutting away ,of fairly large portions of the paper, from between the blanks, causing a considerable waste of paper or other sheet material in the manufacture of the pails. With the referred method, however, as herein disc osed, these three-cornered sections which are necessarilycut away from between the blanks, when the latter are disposed squarely on the sheet, do not occur, and only comparatively small sections of the paper are cut away, thus practically reducing the waste to a minimum, as will hereinafter more fully appear. panying drawings:

Figure 1 is aside elevation of the combined printing and blanking and forming machine for making ice cream pails in accordance with the principles of the inven tion.

Figure 2 is a plan of the combined printing and blanking and forming machine as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the forming machine which constitutes the third or final element of the machinery as a whole, which receives the blanks and forms them into pails of the desired character, being equipped with means for inserting a wire handle or bail in the sides of each pail.

Figure 4 is a detail view, on a larger scale, showing certain portions of the machine shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an enlarged vertical section on line 55 in Figure 1.

Figure '6 is a detail plan view, on a larger scale, of one of the cutting and scoring dies of the blanking machine shown in Figure 5, showing how the cutting and scoring means are arranged in such a manner that the rectangular section of the blank which forms the bottom of the pail is disposed obliquely or diagonally of the direction of the travel of the long sheet of. paper from which the blanks are formed.

Figure 7 is a detail or fragmentary view of a portion of the long strip or sheet of paper, showing the impression made thereon by the printing press which receives the paper from the roll, and which feeds the printed paper to the blanking press.

Figure 8 is a similar view showing the paper after it is subjected to the operation of the blanking press.

In the accom- Figure 9 is a perspective of one of the finished pails or receptacles, being in this case what is commonly known as an ice cream pail.

Figure 10 is a view showing one of the completed blanks severed from the sheet.'

As thus illustrated, the invention comprises a base 1 of any suitable character to support the printing press and blanking press and forming machine in operative relation to each other.

The printing press comprises a fra1ne 2 having printing rolls 3 and 4 arranged in a suitable manner to receive the sheet or long strip of paper 5 which travels thereto from the roll 6 suitably supported in position to feed the paper automatically to the feed rolls 7 of said printing press, the latter blanking presses of this character being comlmon and well known. The feed rolls 11 of the blanking press feed the paper intermittently to the space between the upper and lower dies 12 and 13, the latter being shown in Figure 6, it being understood that these dies, which are common and well understood, are provided with means for cut ting and scoring and creasing the paper to form the blank in any desired manner. The paper, after passing through the blanking press 10. has the appearance shown in Figure 8, the paper havingbeen cut and creased and scored to form blanks, which. when completely severed from. the sheet. are of the square or rectangular form shown in Figure 10, the various side walls and flaps of the blank having been formed in the desired manner, so 'that each blank can be folded into the desired form: to produce a pail of the kind shown in Figure 9, this general form of pail being old and well known.

The essential requirement. therefore. of the printing press, and of the blanking press, is that their operations must be performed on the paper in such a manner that the rectangular section 9 of each blank, which forms the bottom-of each pail. is disposed obliquely to the line of travel of the paper or to the side edges of the latter. If the bottom section 9 is parallel with the long sheet or strip of paper, the result is that the blanks are formed corner to corner, thus necessitating the cutting away of large three-cornered sections from between the blanks; but with the method shown and de scribed and illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 the formation of the blanks is such that they are connected together at their sides or straight edges, and with this method the long sheet or strip of paper is narrower than was possible with the old method, and only small portions of the paper are cut away, thus reducing the waste practically to a minimum.

As stated, the printing press and the blanking press are of any suitable character, such as those previously employed for this purpose, but the printing and blanking instrumentalities are, in accordance with the purpose of the invention, so arranged that the blanks are formed edge to edge, with the rectangular section 9 of each blank extending obliquely or diagonally as shown.

From the blankin press 10 the blanks proceed along the guideways 14 to the machine 15 for folding and wiring the blanks to form the ails. This machine 15 may be an ordinary lank folding machine, such as any of those ordinarily employed for this purpose and provided .with mechanism of the usual or any suitable character for ap plying the bail shaped wire handles to the pails, such as the bail shaped handle 16 shown in Figure 9 of the drawings.

The feed rolls 17 of the forming machine 15 receive the blank at the end of the sheet of paper and feed it into position to be folded into the form shown in Figure 9, and at such time the blank stands cornerwise of the forming machine 15, so that the longitudinal center line 171 of this machine intersects the two diametrically opposite corners of the blank. While the blanks are traveling through i the printing press and the blanking press in an unformed or partially formed condition, they travel along a straight line 18. so that at such time their front and rear edges 19 and 20 are at right angles to this line of travel. while their side edges 21 are parallel wit-h this main line'of travel. See Figure 10 of the drawings.

A knife or cutting device 22 is pivoted at 23 on the forming machine and is operated by a rod 24 having its lower end connected to the cam device 30 by which it is operated. Therefore, as soon as the blank at the end of the sheet arrives in position to be folded it is cut off b this knife or cutting device along the transverse line 31. so that the blank is then free to be folded in the desired manner. a

The side lines 32 of the bottom section of the pail extend transversely of the forming machine 15, when theblank is in position to be folded so that the flap 33 is ahead and the flap 34 at the rear of the blank. while the flaps 35 are at the sides of the machine, in the well known manner. It

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is desirable, in forming and bailing a pail of this character, to feed the blank in corner- 1 wise, as the forming means stand square with the machine, so that the lines 16 and 32 are, respectively, disposed longitudinally and transversely of the forming machine.

However, for reasons previously explained, a considerable saving of material is accomplished, and other advantages obtained, when the blanks are formed with the bottom sections 9 thereof disposed obliquely to the line of travel to the long sheet or strip. Hence, as shown, the iniproved method consists in forming the rectangular blanks with their four edges dlsposed transversely and longitudinally of the long sheet or strip of paper, so that the bottom sections 9 are disposed obliquely to the length of the sheet, and then cutting ofl the blank to be folded, along the transverse line, leaving the blank free to be folded in a machine which requires a different position of the blank therein-that is to say, a position which is different from the position which the blank occupies in the blanking press.- Thus the most efiicient method of printing and cutting and forming the blank is obtained, and at the same time the most satisfactory method of forming the blank into a pail is employed, thus insuring the advantages of both methods in one and the same combination machine for printing and blanking and forming the blanks into pails.

The cutting device 22 is timed to cut ofl the blank at the proper moment, it being understood that the feeding means-for the printing press and the blanking press and the forming machine are timed to operate in the proper manner, so that the sheet material is properly printed and then properly blanked and thereafter properly-folded into pail form.

Preferably, as shown, the entire combination machine is driven by a pulley 36 which is suitably connected to operate the blanking press 10, and is connected through the gearing 37 with the printing press, and by means of gearing 38 with the shaft 39 upon which the cam device 30 is mounted, where-' by the-forming machine is suitably operated by power connected thereto by said pulley. The belt 40 connects the shaft of the pulley 36 with the feed rolls 17 which carries the blank into the forming machine and into position to' be folded and equipped with the bail shaped wire handle. Thus, as stated, the roll of paper 6 which feeds the sheet 5 therefrom involves less paper, and. is of less weight for pails of any given size, than would be the case if rectangular blanks were cut with the corners thereof extending forward and rearward and laterally 0f the sheet as was previously customary in the manufacture of ice cream pails of this particular character.

It will be seen that by the time the blank at the end of the sheet arrives in position to be transformed into a pail in the receptacle forming machine 15, there are at such times three complete blanks in addition to the section of paper in the blanking press. In this way, while the blank is being formed in the blanking press 10, a blank in the machine 15 is being formed into a pail and there are two complete blanks between the blank which is thus being made. and the blank which is thus being converted into a pail. Hence, at all times, there is a plurality of square blanks connected together in the form of a long sheet or strip, and there is connected to this sheet or strip another section which has a plurality of impressions thereon, like the impression shown in Figure 7 and then outside of the printing press is the plain or unprinted section of paper which has been unreeled from the roll 6 and which has not reached the printing press. The blanks are formed at-an angle of fortyfive. degrees, it will be seen, and are cut off at right angles to the sheet-or strip. Thus the top edges of the receptacle are all of the same height and are even, as shown in Figure 9, and the flaps are of the desired length.

It will be seen, therefore, that the paper or other sheet material is fed not only directly from the printing press to the blanking press, but also directly from the blanking press to the forming machine. Of course, for the broader purposes of the invention, this can be done in any suitable or desired manner, but the forming of the blanks in the manner shown and described is preferable, for the reasons explained, notwithstanding that some arrangement is then necessary or desirable in order to change the position of the blank in the forming machine. The blanks are disposed obliquely in the blanking press, but each blank occupies a position in which it is squared, so to speak, with the forming machine while being folded to form the pail, as at such time the rectangular bottom section of the blank must stand squarely with relation to the forming means of said machine. Obviously, however, there are various ways of feeding the blanks directlyfrom the blanking press lOO to the forming machine, and the invention is of paper, whi e the ments arranged to form the blanks obliquely or at an an le to the long sheet or strip ail forming machine is preferably equipped with some means for cutting off the blank, such as the device shown and described, in order to obtain the desired results, as previously explained, such, as the saving of paper or other sheet material by minimizing the waste, By feeding the blanks directly from the blanking press to the forming machine, by the feedm motion of the long strip, consider-, able e ciency is gained, as there is a saving in labor and time as compared with some of the previous. methods which involve the making of the blanks and the transferring of'these blanks to a hopper on the forming machine. The three elements of the unitary combination machine, to wit, the printing machine or first element the blanking press or second element, and the forming machine or third element, when combined and organized in the maimer'shown and described, or in any suitable or desired manner, so that a long sheet or strip of paper may be employed, in the manner explained, results'in the feeding of the sheet into the combination machine at one end and the discharge of completed or finished pails at the other end thereof, so that it is not necessary to manuall manipulate or control or in any way han le the sheet of paper after it enters the printing press and before it enters the forming machine. Although turned at an an le, the pail forming machine 15 is direct y in line with the blanking press, so that the blank in folding position is in line centrally with the long strip of blanks and paper.

It will be understood, of course, that the feeding meansfor feeding the sheet or strip of paper through the blanking press are of such character and are so controlled or operated that the feeding motion is intermittent, the sheet being allowed to stand still, of course, while being operated upon by the blanking press. The well known feeding means 11 is preferably of this character. At such time, of course, the forming-"machine is folding a blank into the esired shape, and as soon as the new blank is formed and the blank at the end of the sheet is converted into a pail, the feeding motion then moves the sheet along to feed new material to the blanking press, and to feed another blank to the forming machine. The printing press may feed the paper continuously, as is common, or in any suitable manner. Hence the feeding devices may be ofany suitable known or approved form which will ensure the mode of operation described.

While, for the broader purposes of the invention, it is obvious that the ails or other receptacles can be of any suita le known or approved character, it will be seen that the machinery and method involved in this invention have to do more particularl with that form ofpail or receptacle in which the blanks are so made that a double thickness 41, formed by a fold in the sheet material is folded over upon another double thickness 42, formed in the same way at each side of the pail. In this way the wire handle 43 is inserted through five thicknesses of the paper at each side of the pail, as shown and described in said prior application.

Hence, as shown and described, the meth- 0d and the machinery are operative to feed the sheet or long stri of paper with portions thereof blanked out to provide the .double thickness folds or two ply fia s 41 and 42, in the manner shown, from a b anking glress directly. to a forming machine in w ic the opposite ends of the wire handle are inserted through the five plies or thicknesses at each side of the pail.

More broadly considered, of course, this involves the automatic feeding of the long sheet or strip of paper with portions thereof blanked out to provide the double thickness folds or two ply flaps, directly from a blanking press to a machine of any suitable character in which wire fastening devices are inserted throu h the two ply flaps and the walls of the pai to hold the flaps 1n place. In this way the feeding motion of the long strip serves to carry the blank into position to be folded. In any event, the blank when folded is in line centrally with the long strip.

With the construction and organization and relative arrangement shown and de scribed, the forming position in which the blank is folded into a ail is in line, when viewed from above, with the longitudinal center line of the long strip of paper, and with the center of the blanking press. Therefore the feeding of the sheet or strip serves to feed the end blank, before it is cut off, into the formin or folding machine, and with the particu ar construction shown and described, and more specifically considered, this feeding motion of the sheet or strip serves actually to push the end blank into the foldin position in the pail forming machine, so t at the blank is then in position to be folded by the upward motion of the plunger 44 shown plainly in Figure 3 in.

dotted lines, this being a well known form of pail forming machine, andthe said plunger being reciprocated vertically and cooper ating with the folding means of any well known character (not shown) to convert the blank, after it is cut ofi, into a pail which is upside down when finished. The bottom section of the blank stands obliquely in the blanking press, but stands squarely in the pail forming machine, but from the time that the blank is made to the time that it is folded,

raoaiaa w the center of the blank remains on the longitudinal center line of the long strip of paper, so that the severed blank is not moved to one side or the other,-or upor down, but remains centrally alined with the strip, after. arriving in the forming'machine in position for the folding thereof. Of course, as stated, the strip or sheet is stationary in the blanking press, while this machine is blanking the paper, and at such time the pail forming machine is operating on the severed blank. When the blanking press rises, in the well known manner, the feeding device 11 then causes the blank portions of the strip to moveforward to feed the next unsevered end blank into the pail forming machine, and this draws fresh paper from the printing press into the blanking press, and the paper in the blanking press is again held stationary while the blanking means are in operation to produce the next blank. The end blank is cut off or severed after reaching the position which it must occupy for the folding operation.

Of course, with the construction shown and described, each severed blank is released from the means for feeding the strip, before the severing operation occurs, so that said strip feeding means have no engagement with any blank which has been severed, but only engagement with the strip and the blanks still connected thereto. Therefore, of course, the invention contemplates a method or process involvingthe making. of the blanks shown and described, and each severed blank is necessarily converted into the pair or receptacle shown in Fig. 9, of course, before another blank is cut off from the end of the strip. In other words, the end blank is never out off until after the one ahead has been converted into the desired receptacle.

Thus the width of the sheet, by reason of the skewed position of each blank on the sheet, determines the distance between the predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks, which distance determines the length of feeding motion of the sheet, each time the sheet is fed forward. The blanking is all done while the sheet is standing still, but the printing is done while the sheet is moving. Notwithstanding the skewed position of each blank on the sheet, the construction and arrangement and mode of operation is such-that each blank-stands squarely in the receptacle formingmachine while the blank is being folded. As shown, this is accomplished by employing a skewed receptacle forming machine, for by skewin this machine the blank is made to stan squarely therein, but any construction and relative arrangement can be employed which will involve the forming ,of each blank in skewed position on the sheet, but nevertheless the positioning of each blank squarely means whereby the blank is in the receptacle forming machine when out off from the end of the sheet.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a machine for making and folding blanks of sheet material to produce ice cream pails or other similar receptacles, the combination of automatic instrumentalities for making and. feeding rectangular blanks with their front and rear edges disposed transversely of and at right angles to the long sheet or strip. of paper from which they are successively formed, so that the other edges of the blanks are formed by the side. edges of said long sheet or strip of paper, with the bottom section of each blank disposed obliquely to the line of travel, and automatic receptacle forming means whereby each blank is neoessarily converted into a receptacle before another blank is detached from said strip, in which each blank finally and automatically occupies a foldingposition in line with said long strip, when viewed from above, with the edges of the blank extending obli uely to said means, so that two diametrica opposite corners of the blank to be folded extend longitudinally of said receptacle forming means, while the other two corners extend laterally and transversely of said means, and Whereby the bottom section of each blank stands squarely in said forming means.

2. A machine as specified in claim 1, said instrumentalities having sheet feeding means whereby the blank is fed into folding position by the forward feeding motion of said long strip and comprising a blanking press having means for forming the blank with its bottom section disposed obliquely to the length of the sheet or strip of paper.

3. A machine as specified in clalm 1, said 'instrumentalities having sheet feeding ed into folding position by the forward feeding motion of said long strip and comprising a printing press having means for producing an impression on the sheet or strip of paper 0bliquelv thereto.

4. A machine as specified in claim 1, said instrumentalities having sheet feeding means whereby the blank is fed into folding position by the forward feeding motion of said long strip and comprising a blanking press having means for forming a blank with the bottomsection disposed obliquely to the long sheet. or strip of paper, and a printing press having means for forming an impression on the paper obliquely thereto before the paper reaches the blanking press, whereby the said sheet or strip is narrower than would be the case if said blanks were formed with the said bottom section. of each blank dis osed with its edges exactly parallel with and at right angles to the length of said sheet or strip.

5. A structure as specified in claim 1, said receptacle forming means comprising a machine for forming the blanks into pails and inserting bail shaped wire handles in the sides thereof.

the line of travel thereof, after the blank at the end of the sheet is in said position to be folded, and said instrumentalities comprising printing and blanking means d'isposed obliquely to said transverse cutting 7. A structure as specified in claim 1, said said instrumentalities comprising a printing press having means for feeding the paper thereto from a roll, and having means for reducing an impression on the paper obiquely thereto, to ether with a blanking press and means or feeding the printed sheet thereto, so that each printed section of the sheet arrives in position to be blanked with the bottom of the pail disposed obliquely to the direction of travel of the sheet, and for feeding the blank intosaid folding position while still on the end of said strip.

8. The process of making ice cream pails or other receptacles from sheet material, which comprises the formation of a long sheet or strip of paper into a series of blanks each having a bottom section disposed obliquely at an angle of forty-five degrees to the length of the sheet or strip, each blank being rectangular and having its four side edges disposed at. right angles to and parallel with the sheet or strip, so that the width of the strip determines the distance between the lines along which the strip must be severed, whereby the sheet or strip is narrower than would be the case if the blanks were formed with the bottom section of each blank disposed with its four edges extending transversely of and parallel with said sheet, and thereafter cutting off each blank along one of said transverse right angle lines and converting the severed blank into the desired receptacle before another blank is detached from the strip.

9. The process of making ice cream pails or other receptacles by converting a long strip or sheet of paper into square blanks each having a rectangular bottom, section disposed obliquely at an angle of forty-five degrees to the length of the sheet, comprising the printin of the sheet obliquely thereto, thereafter b anking each printed section of the sheet in said manner, whereby the distance between the lines along which the strip must be severed determines the width of the strip, and finally cutting off the blanks at right angles to the strip and converting them successively into receptacles of the desired character, whereby each blank cred and the bottom section of each blank is disposed obliquely to the sheet, whereby the sheet is narrower than would be the case if the blanks were formed with said bottom section disposed with its edges extending transversely of and parallel with said sheet, thereby to minimize waste in cutting the blanks, and thereafter cutting off the blanks at'right angles to the strip and successively converting them into receptacles of the desired character, with said printing on the outer surface of each receptacle, whereby each blank is necessarily reduced to receptacle form before the next blank is detached from the strip, and providing each receptacle with a bail shaped wire. handle.

11. The combination of means for feeding a long sheet or strip of paper, means for converting this sheet or strip into rectangular blanks having their edges disposed transversely of and parallel with the length of said sheet, and with the bottom section of each blank disposed obliquely to the length of the sheet, thereby to minimize waste and reduce the width of the sheet for any given size of blank, and means for cutting the blanks apart along lines spaced a distance apart equal to the width of the strip and extending transversely of the sheet from one side edge thereof to the other, after each blank is released from said feeding means, and means in the same vertical plane with the strip for finally folding each blank when severed to form a receptacle.

12. Apparatus for making receptacles from a series of blanks connected together in the form of a long sheet or strip adapted to be converted into receptacles, each blank bein rectangular and having its edges disposed transversely of and parallel withthe length of the sheet and each blank having a bottom section disposed obliquely to the length of the sheet, whereby each blank although skewed on the sheet must stand with its bottom positioned squarely in the forming position of the blank, comprising means to feed said strip of blanks and to thereby feed the end blank into position for conversion into a receptacle, means to cut off the end blank transversely of the strip, and

forming means in the same vertical plane forming position, said forming means being skewed to the same extent that each blank is skewed on the sheet, so that the severed blank will stand with two opposite corners thereof extending longitudinally of said forming means.

13'. A machine for making and folding blanks of sheet material to produce ice cream pails or other similar receptacles, comprising a blanking press for convertin a long sheet or strip of paper into-skewed blanks, a formin machine for folding the blanks to form t e receptacles, and feeding means operative by feeding the strip to feed the end blank into said forming machine, the blanking press and forming machine being in the same vertical plane, and said forming machine being arranged in skewed position to receive the blanks directly from the blanking press.. 14. A structure as specified in claim 13, said blanking press being arranged. to form the blanks obliquely to the length of said sheet or strip of paper, and said forming machine bein adapted to operate with the blank disposed squarely therein, so that each blank occupies one position in the blanking press and a different position in the forming machine, thereby to minimize waste in the cutting of the blanks.

15. A structure as specified in, claim 13, said blanking press being adapted to form the blanks obliquely to the length of the sheet or strip of paper and said forming machine being disposed at an angle to the length of said' sheet or strip of paper, so that each blank is disposed squarely in the forming machine, in order to insure the desired folding operation, notwithstandin the oblique position of each blank in the b anking press, whereby there is less waste in the cutting of the. blanks, whereby said sheet or strip of paper ;is'narrower than would be the case if the blanks were formed squarely thereon in the blanking press.

16. A structure as specifiedin claim 13, in .combination with a printing press for blank into folding position, cuttin 03 each blank after it has moved into sai folding position, and folding'the severed blank.

18. The process of making receptacles, which comprises the feeding of a long sheet or strip of paper, forming the blanks in skewed position on said sheet or strip of paper, with predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks, so that the width of the sheet determines the distance between said lines, which distance necessarily determines the length of each forward feeding impulse of the sheet, using the feeding motion of said sheet or strip of paper to feed the blanks successively into folding position, so that the motion of the strip carries the end blank into folding position, cutting off each blank after it has been moved by said feeding motion into folding position, and folding the severed blank.

19. The process specified in claim 18, the formation of 'the blanks obliquely or in skewed position on said sheet or strip serving thereby to minimize waste in making the blanks.

20. The process of making receptacles,- which comprises the feeding of a long sheet or strip of paper, blanking out portions of the paperto form skewed blanks having means to form two-ply flaps or portions of double thickness, with predetermined transverse severing'lines between the blanks, using said feeding motion'of the sheet to feed the skewed blanks successively into position for folding, so that the feeding motion of the strip is necessarily determined by the distance between said lines, which distance is determined by the width of the sheet and carries the end blank into folding position, cutting off the blank portions and folding the same to bring one two-ply flap in an overlapped position on another two-ply flap, so that one double thickness portion will overlap the other at each side of the receptac e, and inserting fastenin means throu h the overlapping two-ply aps and the side-walls of the receptacles to hold said feeding the sheet or strip of paper to saidflaps in place.

blanking press, whereby the paper is printed and blanked and caused to feed through the blanking press from the printing press to' said forming machine.

17. The process of making receptacles, which comprises the feeding ofla long sheet or strip of paper, printing and forming the blanksin skewed position on said sheet or strip of paper, with predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks,.using the feeding motion of the long sheet ,or'

strip to feedthe blanks into folding position, so that each forward motion of the strip from the blanking position is necessarily determined by the distance between said lines, which distance is determined by the width of the sheet, and carries the end 21. The process specified in claim 20, in which said fastening means are in the form thereof inserted through the two-plyflaps,

of a bail shaped wire handlehaving theends and through the side walls of the receptacle, j

after each skewed blank is cut off and folded while standing squarely in formin position, .sothat the receptacle thus forme with external overlapping double thickness portions is provided with a bail shaped handle.

22. The process specified in claim 20, comprising in addition the printing of certain marks on the sheet or st'rip'of paper,-'while the sheet is moving along, prior to said blanking. out of portions thereof, so that the feeding motion of the sheet or strip is employed to feed both printed and blanked ing press, by the fee portions of the paper directly into position for said folding operation. 23. In machinery for making receptacles, the combination of feeding means to feed a long sheet or strip of paper in the desired direction, a blanking press for blanking out portions of the paper to form two-ply flaps or overlapping portions of doublethickness for the receptacles, with predetermined transverse severin lines between the blanks, and whereby all bl anking is necessarily done while the sheet is standing still, a forming machine arranged to receive the blanked out portions of the pa er from the blankding motion of the long sheet or strip of paper, so that the feedin motion of the strip carries the end blank lnto the forming machine, the blank ing press being adapted to form-the blanks in such a manner that the width of the sheet determines the distance between said lines, which distance determines the length of each forward feeding impulse of the sheet, and means dis osed in position for successively cutting o the blanked out portions of the sheet, after each end blank has left said feeding means, so that these blank portions will be free to be folded into receptacles, in a manner to permit insertion of fastening means through the overlapping two-ply flaps at opposlte sides of each receptacle.

24. A structure as specified in claim 23, said forming machine being adapted to apply said fastening means in *the form of a bail shaped wire handle disposed obliquely to the line of'feed and having the opposite ends thereof inserted through the two-ply.

flaps and through the side walls of the receptacle.

25. A structure as specified in claim 23, in combination with means for printing on the moving sheet or strip of paper prior to the blankin out of certain portions thereof by said fianking machine, and for automatically feeding the printed paper directly to the blanking press, so that the aper when both printed and blanked out wil then automatically feed directly to said forming machine.

26. The combination of a blanking press, a receptacle forming machine, and instrumentalities whereby a lon sheet or strip of paper is blanked out while stationary and then caused to feed from the blanking press to the forming machine, with predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks, operative by the feeding motion of the strip to carry the end blank into the forming machine, the blanking press being adapted to form the blanks in such a manner that the width of the sheet determines the distance between said lines, which distance determines the length of each forward feeding impulse of the sheet, and means disposed in position for cutting off the end blank after release thereof from the feeding means, preparatory to the conversion thereof into a receptacle.

27. A structure as specified in claim 23, said blanking press being adapted to form the blanks,obl1quely or at an anglefto the length of the sheet or strip of paper, and in such a manner that the width of the sheet determines the distance between the trans verse severing lines of the sheet, which distance determines the length of feed of the sheet.

28. A structure as specified in claim 23, said blankin press being adapted to form the blanks o iquely or" at an angle to the length of the sheet or strip of paper, and in such a manner that the width of the sheet determines the distance between the transverse severing lines of the sheet, which distance determines the length of fed of the sheet, said forming machine being skewed or turned partially around to bring the blanks into proper position therein, so that each blank when in position for folding stands squarely in the forming machine, .instead of obliquely as it stands in .the blanking press.

29. In a pail making machine, the combination of a blanking press having means to form successive blanks each having a rectangular bottom section, with predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks, side walls and sections to form flaps of double thickness, and whereby all blanking is necessarily done while the sheet is standing still, means for feeding the unblanked strip of paper from which said blanks are formed, and to feed the blanks while connected to the strip of unblanked paper, so that the blanked and unblanked portions of the paper move forward after each blanking operation, the blanking press being adapted to form the blanks in such a manner that the width of the sheet determines the distance between said lines, which distance determines the length ofeach forward feeding impulse of the sheet, and means for successively cutting off said blanks preparatory to the folding thereof with said twoply flaps upon the side walls of each blank adapted and timed to defer the severing of each blank until after the one ahead has been folded.

30. A structure as s ecified in claim 29, said blanking press being adapted to form said blanks obliquely to the line of travel of the strip, when viewed from above, so that each blank has its bottom section disposed at an angle of substantially fortyfive degrees to the length of said strip, and to the direction of feed thereof, whereby the width of the sheet determines the distance between the transverse severing lines of the sheet, which distance determines the length of feed of the sheet.

31. A structure as specified in claim 29,

and means forming a support in which the cut off blank arrives automatically for the folding thereof.

32. A structure as specified in claim 29, said blanking press bemg adapted to form each blank substantially square so that the blanks are formed edge to edge with their meeting edges at right angles to the length of the strip and said cutting means being disposed to sever the strip at right angles where said edges meet.

33. The method of producing blanks from a sheet or strip of material, with predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks, comprising the feeding of the sheet intermittently lengthwise thereof, and the forming of successive skewed blanks on the sheet, said blanks being so formed on the sheet that the length of feed thereof is determined by the distance between said lines, which distance is determined by the width of the sheet.

34. A machine for making blanks from a sheet or strip of material, with predetermined transverse severing lines between the blanks comprising means for intermittently feeding the sheet lengthwise thereof, said blanking means being operative to form successive skewed blanks on the sheet in such a manner that the length of feed of the sheet is determined by the distance between said lines, which distance is necessarily determined by the width of the sheet.

35. A machine for producing blanks from a sheet or strip of material, and for successively converting the blanks into receptacles, comprising blanking and feeding means and receptacle forming means combined in operative relation to form skewed blanks on the sheet and automatically feed the blanks to the receptacle forming means,

the feeding means belng operative to posi-v tion each blank with its bottom section disposed sqnarely in the forming means, notwithstanding theskewed position of each blank on the sheet, in combination with automatic cutting means to sever the skewed end blank from the sheet after the blankahead has been converted into a receptacle.

EDWARD CRAIG. 

